Operant Conditioning History And Application Essay

Operant Conditioning Never Goes Out of Style: The History and Application of Operant Conditioning Since the beginning of time people have wanted to control others behaviors and this want is still prevalent in the world. One way people can achieve this is through operant conditioning. Experiments that worked with controlling behavior by awarding or removing a reinforcement or punishment were conducted over one hundred years ago (Chance 1999). Unlike some psychological theories that become irrelevant after further research, operant conditioning aspects are still used to influence behavior today. Operant conditioning is not only being used in experiments conducted by psychologists, but also by many businesses. E.L. Thorndyke’s and B.F. Skinner’s experiments shed light on operant conditioning and their research findings are still applicable. One proponent of operant conditioning was E.L. Thorndike.(Scott, 2009). Thorndike made major contributions to the psychology field, by examining how animals learn. His finding can be found in his dissertation, A n Experimental Study of the Associative Process in Animals, which was released in 1898. In the his experiments, he put hungry cats into a puzzle box and placed food that was visible to the cat outside of the box. The cat was released when it stepped on a lever that would cause the door to open. He collected data from the repeated trials on how the cats behaved while in the box and how long it took for them to escape.Show MoreRelatedSkinner Behavioral Analysis Summary972 Words   |  4 Pagesgenetics. Conditioning According to our text Skinner recognized two forms of Conditioning. One is called classical and the other is operant. In classical conditioning a response is produced in relation to a specific stimulus, so the environment acts on the organism. In operant the organism performs a behavior and the environment responds thereby reinforcing the behavior. Examples of conditioning types: Classical Conditioning – Salivating in response to the smell of food Operant Conditioning - HavingRead MoreThe Theory Of Operant Conditioning1212 Words   |  5 PagesOperant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. For example, when a lab rat presses a blue button, he receives a food pellet as a reward, but when he presses the red button he receives a mild electric shock. As a result, he learns to press the blue button but avoid the red button. TheRead MoreClassic Behavioristic Principles of Psychology Developed by B.F. Skinner1372 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding of basic psychological processes and to the applications of science-based interventions to problems of individual and social importance.† He contributed to â€Å"human and nonhuman behavior, including human behavioral development, and to various segments of the life span, including human infancy† (p. 1411). One of Skinners greatest scientific discoveries was â€Å"single reinforcement† which became sufficient for â€Å"operant conditioning, the role of extinction in the discovery of intermittent schedulesRead MoreLinking Course Content to Practice Essay685 Words   |  3 Pagesat this conference reminded all of us in the field of Behavior Analysis that being a science of behavior allows us to apply our principles to many domains beyond working with individuals who have disabilities. Applied Behavior Analysis is the application of the science of behavior to the solution of problems of social significance (Cooper, Heron, Heward, 2007). Carr (November, 2013) reminded us that social significance is more than working with those individuals with disabilities. The principlesRead MoreA Comparison of Theorist1317 Words   |  6 Pageschildhood classroom. Lastly, it will describe each theory that will be compared supported by research. Comparison of two Theories Operant Behavior Conditioning of Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990) BF Skinner renowned for his theory of Operant Behavior (Maslow and Skinner: n.d.). He is known for, his leadership in the field behavior modification through conditioning. This states that behavior is affected by the consequence that follows the behavior. This is a practice teachers, utilize in theRead MoreMost Effective Form of Instrumental Conditioning in Teaching Someone An Exercise Routine1477 Words   |  6 PagesF Skinner believed that â€Å"changes in behavior are the result of an individual’s response to events (stimuli) that occur in the environment† (All About Operant Conditioning, 2006, Para 2). The following paper will discuss a learning situation in which an exercise routine is thought. The paper will evaluate the application of instrumental conditioning to this learning situation. As part of the analysis the learning situation will be described, the paper will compare and contrast the concepts of positiveRead MoreEcological Systems Theory By Urie Bronfenb renner1556 Words   |  7 Pagesacademic challenges, and poor social skills. There is a possible ripple effect from life events and socioeconomic status that could lead to changes with behavior in association with the child’s environment. Understanding this theory can help with application in a school setting or juvenile justice system. As a counselor, if you are working in the school setting and have cultural understanding of the child’s background, you may be able to refer to this systems model to monitor interactions between peersRead MoreThe Psychoanalytical Theory Of Psychology1567 Words   |  7 Pagesat 2 years old. Then the ‘Phallic’ stage which is 3-5 years. ‘Latency’ is the next stage, which takes place at 6-12 years. Finally there is the ‘Genital’ stage, which takes place at 13+ years. An application of this theory would be play therapy. Play therapy is a very good application of the psychoanalytical approach. It is mainly used on children to observe their behaviour. A form of this is drawing, a child who has bad past experiences may be able to communicate them through symbols inRead MoreBehaviorism And Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesmore on their early education and known achievements. Furthermore, you will find different theories regarding behaviorism such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In order to understand the difference and similarities between the two of them examples have been provided. To fully comprehend in what Behaviorism consists of, modern applications examples of the theory have been also included. These examples will consist of everyday learning experience such as, school environment and atRead MorePsychology : The Mind And How It Works1287 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion the mind and how it works. Some focused on the innermost workings of the mind, such as consciousness and introspection, while others were more interested in its mechanics. Knowing how the field was founded is instrumental in its current applications and how it will continue to be altered and constructed in the future. A system of psychology originally advocated by William Wundt, to identify the components of the mind; Structuralism was organization of consciousness of the mind - the mind

The National Alliance For End Homelessness Essay - 2163 Words

According to the National Alliance to End Homelessness (2016), in January 2015 there were approximately 564,708 individuals living in emergency shelters or outdoors. With the baby boomer population aging, the rate of homelessness among this population has also increased. Homelessness is defined as: 1. People who are living in a place not meant for human habitation, in emergency shelter, in transitional housing, or are exiting an institution where they temporarily resided. 2. People who are losing their primary nighttime residence, which may include a motel or hotel or a doubled-up situation, within 14 days and lack resources or support networks to remain in housing. 3. Families with children or unaccompanied youth who are unstably housed and likely to continue in that state. 4. People who are fleeing or attempting to flee domestic violence, have no other residence, and lack the resources or support networks to obtain other permanent housing. (National Alliance to End Homelessness, 2012). Many people have preconceived ideas or thoughts about the homeless population. Some of these thoughts are the individuals are lazy, unmotivated, drug addicts, ill, dirty, and mentally unstable. Then bring in the aging population and the perceptions of incompetence, incontinent, and incapable all of which have been documented beliefs among service professionals such as doctors, nurses, social workers, and mental health professional (Kane, Green, Jacobs, 2013). Until these perceptionsShow MoreRelatedThe National Alliance For End Homelessness Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagesemergency†, but unfortunately this problem is national. Instead of focusing on state programs, local programs and non-profit organizations to fix the housing issue, we must all contribute to ending this epidemic. The National Alliance to End Homelessness (NAEH) released an article stating, â€Å"In January 2015, 564,708 people were homeless on a given night in the United States† (Snapshot of Homelessne ss). We must develop a solution to end long term homelessness immediately. The best way of solving thisRead MoreWhat Can Be Done to Help the Homeless? Essay583 Words   |  3 Pagesempty homes they could be occupying! But alas, they sleep on the streets, beg for money, and scavenge for food in dumpsters, hoping for a way to pull through for the night. Homelessness is important because there are 3.5 million homeless people on the streets, maybe even more (National Student Campaign Against Hunger and Homelessness). They are starving on the streets, desperate for a job and a warm place to sleep. Of those 3.5 million homeless people, 1.7 million are teenagers. 75% of all homeless teensRead MoreHousing First Initiative970 Words   |  4 PagesThe Housing First Initiative 1 The Housing First Initiative: A Plan to End Homelessness Lissa Sellew Introduction to Human Services, BSHS302 Therez Moya June 16, 2008 The Housing First Initiative 2 Abstract The Housing First Initiative is a systematic method to end and prevent the reoccurrence of homelessness. The ideology behind Housing First is that homeless participants focus on obtaining permanent housing as a first step and work towards achieving goals towardsRead MoreThe Problem Of Becoming Homeless Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"On a single night in January 2015, there were 564,708 people experiencing homelessness in the United States. Sixty-nine percent of those who were homeless were in sheltered locations and 31 percent were found in unsheltered locations† (Facts). People living in poverty are most likely have a high risk becoming homeless. Many other reasons why becoming homeless is due to economic conditions such as unemployment and increasing housing costs (Why). In addition, with all the new economic rules they areRead MoreHomelessness : Poverty And Lack Of Permanent And Stable Housing1244 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness is the situation where individuals lack safe and adequate housing resulting in sleeping in the streets, their cars, and family or friends homes or in shelters. According to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), a homeless person is an individual who does not a have a permanent residence place, but rather has a temporary nighttime residence which is not designed for the accommodation of human beings (National Health Care for the Homeless Council, n.d.) SuchRead MoreHomelessness Of The United States Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesJessy Clark Dr Iudicello English 102 30 November 2016 Homelessness in America â€Å"On a single night in January 2015, there were 564,708 people experiencing homelessness in the United States. Sixty-nine percent of those who were homeless were in sheltered locations and 31 percent were found in unsheltered locations† (Facts). People living in poverty are most likely have a high risk becoming homeless. Many other reasons why becoming homeless is due to economic conditions such as unemployment and increasingRead MoreA Vulnerable Population: The Homeless in America919 Words   |  4 PagesHomeless in America Introduction Homelessness in America should be a growing concern. When discussing the United States current economic crisis comparisons with the Great Depression are becoming more and more common. Tent cities or makeshift shelters in specified areas or just beyond city limits are becoming familiar sites across the country. Each of these cities contains dozens if not hundreds of families struggling to just survive (Maide, 2010). Homelessness can be defined as the lack of aRead MoreHomelessness : The Homeless Population Essay1703 Words   |  7 PagesHomelessness affects millions of people every year. Homelessness is an endless epidemic that continues to grow. There isn’t one specific causal factor to this every increasing population. Individuals experiencing homelessness come from various backgrounds and cultures physically, financially, and emotionally. They could be considered the melting pot for diversity. Often times individuals experiencing homeless are judged by their outer appearance with no regard for the contributing factors to theRead MoreHomelessness: the Effects of High Costs Housing1681 Words   |  7 PagesHomelessness: The Effects of High Costs Housing Excelsior College Debra Parks April 22, 2012 â€Æ' Abstract: How many times have we saw people standing on the street in their dirty clothes with a sign saying, â€Å"work for food†? I wonder how this person got into their situation. In the past I’ve thought laziness, they don’t want to work, or maybe they have schizophrenia and are unable to work, or sometimes, I didn’t even see them. What is the solutionRead MoreEssay about Alone Without a Home: Homeless and Runaway Youth 1624 Words   |  7 Pagesnightmare as they fight to survive and face the harsh reality that they have no place to turn to. Homeless runaway youth are on the rise in the US and is a serious issue. One in seven youth between the ages of 10 and 18 will run away and never return (National Runaway Switchboard, 2010). A homeless runaway youth refers to those individuals under the age of 18 that are unaccompanied who has left the care of his or her parents or guardian without permission and lack the parental, foster, or intuitional care

Islam A Non Offensive Terminology - 969 Words

So now, under the guise of tolerance and sensitivity for Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews and of course atheists and agnostics, we must attempt to qualify years past, present and future with a non-offensive terminology. Time references like BC or AD are too close to a religious intention. That’s where CE(Common Era), comes in, it shows no preference against or for any group It is allowed in 2015 for Muslims to behead non-believers to their faith and enslave the women and children. Religion binds people together in a negative manner, as opposed to being draw together in a peaceful, forgiving perspective. The date 632 AD is important since so many changes were underway, perhaps the most significant is the formation of Islam, a new religion that will have worldwide consequences. Founded by the prophet Mohamed it emphasized two major points that were very compelling, especially for the regular people and even more specifically the disenfranchised. Disenfranchised is one of those words that will become more important and politically correct in the future. Islam pronounced that there is only one God, which was the first monotheistic proclamation in the Arab world. Multiple gods were sort of the thing of the day at that time, it was a booming and profitable enterprise. In this time period, many people traveled to Mecca and paid to worship at the shrine of their favorite god. In general favorite god would mean the one who seemed most likely to answer your prayers.Show MoreRelatedAmbiguity And Balance Between Language And Power2331 Words   |  10 Pagesusually resort to in order to maintain this balance between ambiguity and authority. 2. Legal Discourse as a Technical Language: 2.1 Technicity Dickins, Hervey and Higgins (1998) maintain that â€Å"technical texts tend to be relatively inaccessible to non-specialist reader. There are both lexical and conceptual reasons for this inaccessibility.† (p. 184) They further argue that problems mainly arise in this kind of discourse mostly due to terminological and lexical issues, since words are often usedRead MoreArab Culture - Essay6842 Words   |  28 Pages(MENA). Although this excludes Somalia, Djibouti, and the Comoros Islands which are part of the Arab world. †¢ It can also be defined as those countries where Arabic is the dominant language. †¢ Arab countries are religiously and ethnically diverse with Islam being the dominant religion in most countries. †¢ 22 Arab countries/areas: Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, SyriaRead MoreFreedom of Speech, Comparing Freedom of Expression in the Statutory Law and the Sharia Law19992 Words   |  80 Pagesabout the benefit of exerting much effort to get such knowledge since it is existed, well-explained and well-organised, in handy books. But after looking by historical and religious study as far back as some centuries ago, I found that my own culture, Islam, had plenty of law provisions that helped its people not only to protect their ethics and morals, but also to spread them all over the world. Through deliberate and objective study, I found that many of the social reformers, whose thoughts led toRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pagescountries in whose languages the initialism is meaningful, such as France and Argentina. The initialism LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures and is sometimes used to refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender.[2][5] To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer and/or are questioning their sexual identityRead MoreCultural Analysis Thailand9709 Words   |  39 Pagesa normal lifestyle. As cultural diversity becomes increasingly significant in the business environment, a shrewd business manager will strive to identify all aspects of communication that will lead to company success. In Thailand, both verbal and non-verbal skills are necessity in the success of a global business entity. Additionally, understanding the context of the society and how the Thai’s operate on a daily basis can determine the success of a business venture in Thailand. Verbal.Read MorePak Us Relations7976 Words   |  32 Pages20, 1947. The relationship since then was based primarily on U.S. economic and military assistance to Pakistan. Pakistan is a Major non-NATO ally of the United States. THE INITIAL YEARS 1947-1952: After the creation of the two countries, Pakistan followed a more pro western policy whereas the Indian government defined its foreign policy with a more leftist to non aligned stance. Pakistan was looking for strong friends in order to persuade its bigger and much stronger neighbor India to give inRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagessuch as Penang, Chinese is clearly the mainstream culture. But the Chinese also are subject to discrimination in favor of Malays for certain political WORLD MIGRATION IN THE LONG TWENTIETH CENTURY †¢ 45 and educational opportunities, and Islam is often described as key to Malay identity (few Chinese have converted). In other words, very little assimilation toward a single national culture has taken place. Yet Malaysia is clearly a stable nation that is very self-consciously made of differentRead MoreConflict Management and Emotional Intelligence63003 Words   |  253 Pagese  of  behavioural  patterns  in   business   activities   (Folger,   et.   al,   1997).      Behaviourism   in   psychology   strives   to   explain   human   behaviour   in   terms   of   cause†and†effect   relationships   (or   stimulus†response   in   behaviourist  terminology).      Since  modern  economies  strongly  emphasise  material  wealth,  many  people  seek  to  gain  such   wealth  in  order  to  improve  their  standard  of  living  and  quality  of  life.      Thus,  competition  for   material  wealth  can  produce  a  lot  of  conflicts  in  human  interactions  ((FolgerRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCalifornia State University Fullerton Abigail Hubbard, University of Houston Paul Hudec, Milwaukee School of Engineering Stephen Humphrey, Florida State University Charlice Hurst, University of Florida Warren Imada, Leeward Community College Gazi Islam, Tulane University Alan Jackson, Peru State College Christine Jackson, Purdue University Marsha Jackson, Bowie State University Kathryn Jacobson, Arizona State University Paul Jacques, Western Carolina University David Jalajas, Long Island University

Patrick Henry s Rhetorical Strategies - 1104 Words

Priyanka Sen Mr. Middleton AP English Language and Composition March 11, 2016 Patrick Henry Rhetorical Strategies Patrick Henry, an attorney and politician, delivered a speech at St. John’s Church in Richmond. Virginia on March 23, 1775. This speech was later considered the â€Å"Give me Liberty or Give me Death† speech due to it’s powerful conclusion. In the speech Henry discusses the colonies’ freedom-freedom from the royal crown, Britain. He attempts to explain that this revolutionary war in inevitable and the more it was delayed, the more difficult it would be to fight for their freedom. Patrick Henry’s motivation behind this proclamation was to influence his audience into raising an army, to fight for independence. For decades, the colonists were under British control, but Patrick Henry used the power of rhetoric to motivate the colonists. Patrick Henry uses a number of rhetorical strategies to persuade the delegates that war against the British is absolutely needed for their freedom. In paragraph one of the speech, in spite of the face that Patrick Henr y stress that he is patriotic towards Britain, he has an alternate perspective on the most proficient method to handle the conflicts with them.He does not promptly rion the perspectives of the group of delegates, however he attempts to show them an alternate perspective. Henry states, â€Å"...different men often see the same subject in different lights†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Henry uses the term â€Å"light† to express how his views are similar of toShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Patrick Henry And The Massachusetts Convention1634 Words   |  7 PagesDeath† by Patrick Henry and â€Å"To the Massachusetts Convention† by Jonathan Smith are two of the strongest orations of the 18th century. While they are in many ways similar, they are also vastly different. Although they both begin with the exact same address of, â€Å"Mr. President,† they have many more differences, including contexts, purposes, and rhetorical strategies. They are also given by two men who share virtually nothing in common. Patrick Henry and Jonathan Smith both use rhetorical strategy to addressRead MoreCommunication Is A Vital Weapon Of American Politics1757 Words   |  8 Pagesunprecedented rhetorical strategies in order to create and unify an audience around his new conservative populism. This paper will first provide historical context for the speech, then the paper will address the image of the â€Å"Teflon President† and why Ronald Reagan was the right man for the job. Next, it will discuss how Reagan was able to avoid partisanship, create a united special interest in the American people, and then launch his own Republican career, all using simple rhetorical strategy and cleverRead MorePresident Lyndon B. Johnson s Speech1786 Words   |  8 PagesAmber Martin Engwr 300/Tu-Thu Burchett/Rhetorical Analysis Word count: 1701/1786 â€Å"We Shall Overcome† President Lyndon B. Johnson conveyed to congress, I think, the most exhilarating and legendary dialogues in the history of America on March 15, 1965. The speech occurred after the passing of an African American demonstrator in Selma, Alabama (History Matters). Demonstrators were protesting for African Americans to have the right to vote. According to Professor Pauley, teacher of oratory at CalvinRead MoreRethinking Mercantalism Essay15042 Words   |  61 PagesRethinking Mercantilism: Political Economy, the British Empire, and the Atlantic World in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries Author(s): Steve Pincus Reviewed work(s): Source: The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 69, No. 1 (January 2012), pp. 3-34 Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5309/willmaryquar.69.1.0003 . Accessed: 06/09/2012 12:18 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the TermsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagescourses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall BostonRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesof the southern provinces of Guangdong and Fujian over the entire period from the 1840s to the 1930s. The specific villages of emigration may have shifted, but the basic regions remained the same as migration became a multigenerational economic strategy for many families. Mass Chinese migration to Manchuria started later, but Shandong and Hebei supplied almost the entire stream. The most dramatic example of differences between European and other migrations can be seen in the long-term demographic

News and History Re-Inventing Iraq Through British Drawdown Free Essays

Early this month U.S. Defense Department’s Secretary Robert Gates and British Defense Secretary Des Browne met in London to agree on the withdrawal of half of the British troops in   Iraq. We will write a custom essay sample on News and History: Re-Inventing Iraq Through British Drawdown or any similar topic only for you Order Now They said that the pull out was not because of any mounting domestic political pressure from any individual or groups but because of the improved situation in the said region. Des Browne said that Britain and the U.S. have the same aspirations for Iraq. But while the situation in Iraq continues to stabilize, in Afghanistan, however, it was the opposite. Des Browne is calling for additional international forces to be sent to Afghanistan which he said as part of the â€Å"long-term commitment† to pursue stability in those areas. That probably is the catch for the withdrawal because according to him all the 2,500 troops that would be taken out in southern part of Iraq would be diverted to Afghanistan to support the present force manning those territories. The two powerful personalities agreed that there is no need for most of the forces in those parts of Iraq and that the withdrawal was agreed by Gen. David Petraeus who was the highest military personnel in Iraq. Accordingly the situation in this part of the region has been neutralized and had been peaceful in the past few months and no major war can be foreseen. Also, Australian troops would be included among those to be withdrawn. These three countries have been blood allies from the beginning and such decision are always being agreed by these three powerful nations. But that is not the end of the news, however. According to the New York Times, in reality there is still continuous fighting between the rival Shiite factions who are trying to gain control of the oil-rich section of Iraq. Just recently, politicians were assassinated in the provinces of Muthanna and Diwaniyah. These provinces were located in the southern part of the country and people say that these political killings are being done by certain groups to have control over all of the oil reserve found in these areas. Britain’s Prime Minister Tony Blair was somewhat dismayed of the growing fractionalization and rebellion in Iraq. The Prime Minister has always been supporting the U.S. in its long time war with Iraq and ironically his decade-long tenure ended in June this year. Blair was questioning British Prime Minister Gordon Brown’s decision on the issue of withdrawal and for now Brown had to distance himself from the embattled ex-Prime Minister. Britain has more than 5,000 troops particularly situated in Iraq while the U.S. has nearly 170,000 troops all stationed around Iraq. After the announcement of the withdrawal, Brown said those who will remain would be tasked to train Iraqi government troops and will only fight if necessary. They will also be withdrawn by the end of next year, he said. The New York Times also reported that some U.S. Marines were proposing to be pulled out along with the Britons and also wanted to move to Afghanistan because they feel they are better suited to fight in that war (Youssef, 2007). This news was more related with Toby Dodge’s book Inventing Iraq where in the old days the British colonizes part of the Ottoman territories in the now modern Iraq and built frontiers to keep natives from uniting and throwing them out of their colonies. British has long been trying to conquer Iraq because of its vast oil resources and widening its territories. Although it has established itself temporarily, ultimately it failed to conquer the country due to Britain’s misguided policies plus the ever intervening attitude of the U.S. The result was a failure of governance and ultimately the assumption of rule by the Iraqis. The author has explicitly vindicated the fate of the oppressed as against the oppressor and implied that no one has the right to rule anybody because it is unjust and immoral. Reference: Youssef, N. A. (2007). Gates: British Drawdown In Iraq Due To Improved Conditions [Electronic Version]. Retrieved October 17, 2007 from http://www.mcclatchydc.com/homepage/story/20393.html.       How to cite News and History: Re-Inventing Iraq Through British Drawdown, Essay examples

The Elizabethan Theater Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Elizabethan Theater Essay, Research Paper The Elizabethan Theater The Elizabethan theatre besides known as Elizabethan Playhouses where the first known theatres built merely for the pupose of peforming dramas. They were built in award of Queen Elizabeth. Many of these theatres wre built in many different locations. They were created to entertain everyone from the poorest mendicant to the richest Godheads. Many dramas were performed, utilizing all types of dramatic books from love affair to force. Many dramas were cencored by the authorities and penalties were given our for people go againsting the censoring Torahs. The Elizabethan theatres were built in award of Queen Elizabeth Todur. She was the youngest girl of king Henery VII. She was crowned queen of England in January 15, 1558 when she was merely 25 old ages od, and ruled for 45 old ages. She was the inspiration and actuating force behind these great theatres. There were many different manners of theatres in a assortment of locations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Elizabethan Theater Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first one built, named The Theatre, was constructed by James Burbage ( an histrion ) , in 1576 in Shoreditch. The following 1 built called The Curtian was built nearby in 1577. Soon after this others were built in southern suburbs across the Thames. In 1600 there was eight of Elizabethan Theaters runing in London. The theatres were non built for rayalty usage merely, they were built for people of all economic background. From the poorest dirtiest mendicant, to the richest most esteemed male monarch. They were a topographic point for everyone to travel and bask themselves, irrespective of were they stood in the community. There were some wendy houses constructed for fewer, more choice witnesss, It was in these wendy houses were it was non unfastened to the general punlec, but merely to the privileged few which were permitted to come in. In these wendy houses some of the public presentations were even conducted under a delicate taper visible radiation. these dramas that were written and percormed in the Elizabethan theaters/playhouses had many manners in the dramatic secret plans. The most popular 1s were- love affair, force, sarcasm, amd peotic. All of the dramas were really passionate and reflected the histrions liquors. Often the dramas included faeries, shades, and enchantresss. The dramas could non be written about anything that the writter wanted. The author ever had to see the censoring Torahs. There was to be no dramas written that pocked merriment at church or faith, authorities, or the royal household. If you did you had to confront rough punishments such as mulcts, imprisonment, or executing. The Elizabethan theatres were built for the psyche intent of entertaining the people. They were a great industry to do mone and a great manner for histrions and authors to be discoverd. These theatres are partly responsible for the great amusement we have today, and will be admired as a great portion of history forever.

Describe a range of course of dementia syndrome free essay sample

The number of different types of dementia is; Benson’s syndrome (also called Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA)) Alzheimer’s disease Primary Progressive Aphasia (A type of Fronto-temporal dementia) Lewy body Disease (Also known as Dementia with Lewy bodies) Picks disease (A type of Fronto-temporal dementia) Binswangers Disease. ( A type of vascular dementia) Niemann-Pick disease type C Creutzfeldt Jakob disease HIV Brain related impairment ( also Known as Aids Dementia Complex ) DESCRIBE THE TYPES OF MEMORY IMPAIRMENT COMMONLY EXPERIENCED BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA. The types of memory loss are; Alzheimer’s disease that affects the brain, caused by 2 abnormal proteins (Beta Amyloid and Tau) inside a person’s brain. The first of the brain to be affected is the area, responsible to recall memory. Vascular disease affects the brain also as a result of a stroke, which caused a cut off of oxygen that as starved the brain. This disease is also caused when blood vessels become diseased leading to a condition called sub-cortical dementia that affects memory and understanding. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has been found that people with this type of dementia have an accumulation of protein to the brain known as ‘Lewy bodies’. It is said that these bodies will damage cells that consequently disrupt the same chemicals that affect those with Alzheimer’s. Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a rare disease in whish parts of the brain becomes damage and start to shrink the outer layer of the brain ( known as the cortex) with in time as disease progresses will affect memory and thinking. HIV-related cognitive impairment and dementia is an affection that weakens the immune system, this disease will also affect a number of different problems with the brain also. HIV in people with Neurocognitive disorder can also suffer with short term memory loss. Niemann-Pick disease type C this is a rare inherited disorder; it is related to the fronto-temporal dementia that is also known as picks disease. This disease mainly affects school age children into adulthood. Those people to show symptoms in late adolescence or early adulthood are more likely to experience dementia as part of their disease with memory loss. EXPLAIN THE WAY THAT INDIVIDUALS PROCESS INFORMATION WITH REFERENCE TO THE ABILITIES AND LIMATIONS OF THE INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENITA; The way that individuals careering for someone, with dementia, is to be very understanding and to have compassions and time. To be patient with them, to speak slow and clear so that your words can be understood, to take time to read their care plan and to speak to other work colleague or senior and learn more of what the individuals need as they may know them better. As you may need to use flash cards or hand jester when communicating and at their level. Also learning what abilities they can still full-fill with or without your assistance or guidance. EXPLAIN HOW OTHER FACTORS CAN CAUSE CHANGES IN AN INDIVIDUAL’S CONDITION THAT MAY NOT BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO DEMEMTIA; The changes can be a change in where they used to live, meeting new people that they do not know or recognise, if their mobility as changed is they free from pressure sores and injuries. EXPLAIN WHY THE ABILILITIES AND NEEDS OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH DEMENTIA MAY FLUCTUATE; The reason there can be any changes with any individuals can be because their dementia disease as progress or that they may have had their medication changed by their GP. They may also have some changes in the body, i. e. bladder control or bowl control affecting their ability to toilet themselves. They may also develop arthritis which will affect how they mobilises weather by equipment. Also a change in support or (care worker or different routine). (2) DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW UP TO DIAGNOSIS; It is very important to be diagnosed early so that if it is not dementia then the cause of this dementia type behaviour symptoms can be treated( like Depression). It is also important to diagnose dementia early as it may be possible for the doctor to prescribe medication that will slow down its progress of the disease. EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF RECORDING POSSIBLE SYMPTONS OF DEMENTIA IN AN INDIVIDUAL IN LINE WITH AGREED WAYS OF WORKING; It is important that you make sure you report, any changes that you see immediately to your manager or senior so if need be they can be recessed and that any new changes have also been added to the individuals care plan. If need be if appropriate mentioned to the family. EXPAIN THE PROCRESS OF REPORTING POSSIBLE SIGNS OF DEMENTIA WITHIN AGREED WAYS OF WORKING; Once you have noticed changes in the individuals you can make notes that you are able to take to your manager or assistant manager or senior and explain to them the changes you have observed in the individuals so that additions can be made and passed on to other workers . Sitting and communicating with the individuals and explain the changes. DESCRIBE THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF RECEIVING A DIAGNOSIS OF DEMENTIA ON: THE INIDIVIDUALS; In receiving a diagnosis of dementia has a critical impact upon the well-being of the individuals causing feelings of turmoil, helplessness, diminished self-esteem and undermining of self are commonly seen. THEIR FAMILY AND FRIENDS; Individuals with dementia and family and close friends may need some kind of help to adjust to their altered circumstance, which will go beyond the course of medication, the effectiveness of a staged approach to psycho-social interventions following diagnosis so that as the dementia progress the individuals and family and friends benefit from different levels of support. For what is appropriate and helpful early on may not be useful in the later stage. (3) COMPARE A PERSON-CENTRED AND NON-PERSON-CENTRED APPROACH TO DEMENTIA; Is to recognise what is set for the individuals in their care plan knowing all about their life stories, their preferences, wishes and need that you are supporting. Taking time to speak, having patients and handling them with respect and dignity. Assisting with their caring needs The non-person –centred approach is not respecting the individuals and not following their needs as they have stated. But to carry out duties or assisting the way you wish to. DESCRIBE A RANGE OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES THAT CAN BE USED TO MEET THE FLUCTUATING ABLILITIES AND NEEDS OF THE INDIVIDUAL WITH DEMENTIA; The different kind of techniques that can be used, are risk assessments to make sure that we are able to meet the individual needs, to be supportive in their choices and decision making, to take time to listen to them and never to over speak them, to assist them in personal care needs, remembering that they are human-beans first and for most, to be able to observe any changes in their abilities with dealing with dementia. DESCRIBE HOW MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES RELATED DEMENTIA MAY AFFECT THE INDIVIDUAL AND THEIR CARERS; The way that myths and stereotypes may affect us is that you shall be expected to carry out and follow the myths, that it must be carry out it certain ways as expected, individuals may expect the old ways for you to do things and can show you the carer that they are not happy with you . they may be rude or insulting weather verbally , body language or physical, as the carer we must remember that the individual does not mean to express themselves it that way and that their dementia as changed them in different ways. Carers will find at times it hard but we know the individuals and realise that is not their normal behaviour. DESCRIBE WAYS IN WHICH INDIVIDUALS AND CARERS CAN BE SUPPORTED TO OVERCOME THEIR FEARS; The ways that we can be there for the individuals and the careers are to help them improve their own self-esteem and make them feel valued, plus to focus on what they can do, rather than what they cannot do, will encourage the independence of feelings and self-worth, to also help individuals and carers deal with any stress they feel. Knowing you is there for them any time.